![]() ![]() Some of these abnormalities are relatively mild and may not be detected early or cause symptoms until the individual reaches adolescence or later.Ī significant number of hip replacements are believed to be the result of untreated hip dysplasia – up to 26%, according to data gathered in the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register over a 10-year period. Screening for hip dysplasia (also called pediatric hip dysplasia or developmental hip dysplasia) is routine care for newborns in the United States, but it is impossible to detect all cases of eventual dysplasia in the newborn period. ![]() The cause of abnormal development of the acetabulum is not yet well understood, although there appears to be a relationship between the position of the fetus in the womb, breech births, and a family history of dysplasia. In advanced cases, the patient may require hip replacement. Left untreated, hip dysplasia can result in early degenerative changes - the beginnings of osteoarthritis, in which the cartilage wears away and bone rubs against bone. The severity of hip dysplasia can vary considerably from instances in which there is a minor malalignment to a complete dislocation of the femoral head and acetabulum. Injury to the labrum and the ligaments that help hold the joint in place can add to the pain and wear and tear on the cartilage. Also, more force is placed on a smaller surface of the hip cartilage and bone, resulting in arthritis over a number of years. When this abnormality is present, the ball and socket are misaligned and the labrum can end up bearing the forces that should be distributed throughout the hip. In individuals with hip dysplasia, the acetabulum does not develop fully, making it too shallow to adequately contain and support the femoral head. ( Image by Smith & Nephew, via Wikimedia Commons) Another piece of soft tissue called the labrum – which is made of fibrous cartilage – lines the hip socket, cushions the joint, and helps hold the “ball” – (the femoral head) in place. Articular cartilage, a smooth protective tissue, lines the bones and limits friction between the bone surfaces during movement. In the healthy hip joint, the upper end of the femur (thighbone) meets the acetabulum to fit together like a ball and socket/cup, in which the ball rotates freely in the hip socket. It is almost exclusively used in the pediatric population to assess for slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE) and Perthes disease.Although chronic hip pain is often associated with aging, the appearance of this symptom in adolescents and young adults may be a sign of hip dysplasia, a condition in which one or more areas of the hip joint have not developed normally. bilateral examination allows for better visualization of the hip joints and femoral neck.lataral projection to aid and diagnose femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) due to its increased sensitivity for detecting femoral head-neck asphericity.the ideal projection for bilateral hip or femur trauma.lateral projection demonstrating the neck of the femur without movement of the either limb.can only be conducted on unilateral hip trauma.lateral projection demonstrating the neck of the femur without movement of the affected limb.standard rolled lateral view demonstrating the femoral neck and acetabular rim can only be performed on non-trauma patients.often only performed in follow up studies.demonstrates the hip joint in the AP plane, with the limb internally rotated so the neck of the femur is in profile.Hip radiographs are performed for a variety of indications including 1-3: The series is requested for a myriad of reasons from trauma to atraumatic hip pain. The hip series is comprised of an anteroposterior (AP) and lateral radiograph of the hip joint. ![]()
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